However, the word is widely pronounced as / ɡ ɪ f/, with a hard g, and polls have generally shown that this hard g pronunciation is more prevalent. The creators of the format pronounced the acronym GIF as / dʒ ɪ f/, with a soft g, with Wilhite stating that he intended for the pronunciation to deliberately echo the American peanut butter brand Jif, and CompuServe employees would often quip "choosy developers choose GIF", a spoof of Jif's television commercials. The most common pronunciations in English are / dʒ ɪ f/ ( listen) (with a soft g as in gin) and / ɡ ɪ f/ ( listen) (with a hard g as in gift), differing in the phoneme represented by the letter G. The pronunciation of the first letter of GIF has been disputed since the 1990s. Main article: Pronunciation of GIF A humorous image announcing the launch of a Tumblr account for the White House suggests pronouncing GIF with a hard g. The press's lexicographers voted it their word of the year, saying that GIFs have evolved into "a tool with serious applications including research and journalism". In 2012, the American wing of the Oxford University Press recognized GIF as a verb as well, meaning "to create a GIF file", as in "GIFing was the perfect medium for sharing scenes from the Summer Olympics". Terminology Īs a noun, the word GIF is found in the newer editions of many dictionaries. In January 2018 Instagram also added GIF stickers to the story mode. In May 2015 Facebook added support for GIF.
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The optional interlacing feature, which stores image scan lines out of order in such a fashion that even a partially downloaded image was somewhat recognizable, also helped GIF's popularity, as a user could abort the download if it was not what was required. The feature of storing multiple images in one file, accompanied by control data, is used extensively on the Web to produce simple animations. In 2004, all patents relating to the proprietary compression used for GIF expired.
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Controversy over the licensing agreement between Unisys and CompuServe in 1994 spurred the development of the Portable Network Graphics (PNG) standard. While GIF was developed by CompuServe, it used the Lempel–Ziv–Welch (LZW) lossless data compression algorithm patented by Unisys in 1985. In September 1995 Netscape Navigator 2.0 added the ability for animated GIFs to loop.
GIF was one of the first two image formats commonly used on Web sites, the other being the black-and-white XBM. By December 1987, for example, an Apple IIGS user could view pictures created on an Atari ST or Commodore 64. The two versions can be distinguished by looking at the first six bytes of the file (the " magic number" or signature), which, when interpreted as ASCII, read "GIF87a" or "GIF89a", respectively.ĬompuServe encouraged the adoption of GIF by providing downloadable conversion utilities for many computers. As there is little control over display fonts, however, this feature is rarely used.
The format supports up to 8 bits per pixel for each image, allowing a single image to reference its own palette of up to 256 different colors chosen from the 24-bit RGB color space. It is in widespread usage on the World Wide Web due to its wide support and portability between applications and operating systems. The Graphics Interchange Format ( GIF / ɡ ɪ f/ GHIF or / dʒ ɪ f/ JIF, see pronunciation) is a bitmap image format that was developed by a team at the online services provider CompuServe led by American computer scientist Steve Wilhite and released on June 15, 1987.
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